Your Ultimate Guide to the Egyptian Museum & Nearby Attractions
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo's Tahrir Square is one of the world's most important collections of ancient Egyptian artifacts. Established in 1902, this historic museum has protected Egypt's rich past for over a century. It displays a fantastic collection of pharaonic jewels and ancient relics that tell the tale of one of history's greatest civilizations. The museum shows almost 120,000 items, exquisitely decorated coffins, and well-preserved statues that reflect ancient Egypt's beauty. Its halls take tourists through centuries of history, from the Old Kingdom to the Greco-Roman period.
Why is it a must-see attraction in Cairo?
The Egyptian Museum is a must-see when visiting Cairo! This historic museum features many artifacts that showcase ancient Egypt's rich history. While some key exhibits, like Tutankhamun's royal mummies and treasures, have moved to the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization and the Grand Egyptian Museum, the Egyptian Museum still offers a remarkable collection. You can explore thousands of artifacts, including stunning statues, intricate jewelry, and ancient papyrus scrolls. Notably, the museum houses the collection of Yuya and Thuya, the grandparents of Pharaoh Akhenaten, whose tomb is one of the best-preserved ever found. Don't miss this unforgettable experience! Despite recent improvements, the Egyptian Museum remains a must-see for history buffs and visitors looking to see the glory of ancient Egypt up close. Its historic walls and irreplaceable objects continue to tell the intriguing narrative of a civilization that influenced the world.
What's inside the Egyptian Museum?
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo is a popular destination for history lovers. It showcases an incredible collection of items from Egypt's ancient past. While some treasures, such as royal mummies, have been relocated to the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization (NMEC), the museum still houses essential collections, including King Tutankhamun's Treasures, which have been moved from Gallery 3 to Gallery 2 as part of an ongoing transformation project.
Amazing Artifacts and Collections
There is a wonderful collection of historical items at the Egyptian Museum that are just waiting to be discovered:
- Yuya and Thuya's Treasures
Discover an incredible collection featuring the tomb goods of Pharaoh Akhenaten's ancestors, Yuya and Thuya. Marvel at beautiful skeletons, exquisite jewelry, and unique burial items.
- The Narmer Palette
Don't miss this ceremonial palette from the Temple of Horus at Nekhen. It illustrates King Narmer's unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, a key piece of early dynastic history.
- Colossal Statues of Pharaohs and Gods
Explore stunning statues of ancient rulers like Amenhotep III, Hatshepsut, and Khafre, showcasing the artistry of ancient Egypt.
- Ancient Papyrus and Hieroglyphic Writings
Delve into our collection of papyrus scrolls featuring religious prayers, governmental documents, and early poetry.
Famous Exhibits
Even with some relocations, inside the Egyptian Museum, visitors can still explore a collection of world-renowned artifacts, including:
- The Tanis Treasur
A remarkable collection of golden masks, jewelry, and burial items from the tombs of pharaohs of the 21st and 22nd Dynasties.
- The Colossal Statue of Amenhotep III and Tiye
A grand depiction of the mighty pharaoh and his queen, showcasing their divine status.
- The Merneptah Stele: The Earliest Mention of Israel
also known as the Israel Stele, is an ancient Egyptian inscription dating to around 1208 BCE. It records Pharaoh Merneptah's victories, including a reference to "Israel" as a population group in Canaan, not a kingdom. The text states that "Israel's seed is no more," indicating they were a tribal community rather than a political state. This stele provides one of the earliest recorded mentions of Israel in history, offering insight into Egypt's interactions with the peoples of Canaan.
- The Akhenaten Collection
A fascinating display of statues and artifacts from the reign of the revolutionary pharaoh who introduced monotheism to Egypt. The Egyptian Museum in Cairo is getting a facelift to make its amazing antiques from the Predynastic and Old Kingdom eras shine even brighter! This exciting makeover means the museum will keep playing a key role in celebrating Egypt's rich cultural and historical heritage. If you're curious about the wonders of ancient Egypt, this is the perfect place to visit, with thousands of fantastic items waiting to be explored!
Egyptian Museum Tickets: Prices, Categories & How to Buy
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo offers a fascinating journey through Egypt's rich history. Here's essential information about ticket prices and purchasing options:
Ticket Prices and Categories
As of the most recent changes, the ticket costs for the Egyptian Museum are as follows: Foreign Visitors:
- Adults: EGP 450
- Students: EGP 230
Photography Policy at the Egyptian Museum
- - Mobile Phone: Free photography.
- - Camera: Requires a photography ticket (check entrance for pricing).
- - Restrictions: No flash or photography in specific areas (e.g., Tutankhamun's Mask Hall).
Note: Always verify current guidelines on arrival or the museum's website.
Nearby Attractions to Visit After the Egyptian Museum
After seeing the Egyptian Museum, guests can explore the following attractions to learn more about Cairo's history and lively culture. Whether you're looking for more museums, historical sites, or scenic walks, here are some must-see destinations:
1. Tahrir Square.
Tahrir Square, located just in front of the Egyptian Museum, is one of Egypt's most well-known sites. It has played an essential role in the country's modern history and has hosted several political and cultural events. Visitors can appreciate the open space, monuments, and neighboring architectural treasures.
2. Nile Corniche.
The Nile Corniche, located a short walk from the egyptian museum, is a scenic riverbank promenade where tourists may enjoy stunning views of the Nile River. This region is ideal for a leisurely stroll, a classic felucca boat ride, or dining at numerous restaurants overlooking the river.
3. Abdeen Palace.
Located around 2 kilometers from the Egyptian Museum, the Egyptian Palace is one of Cairo's most elegant and well-preserved palaces. Built in the nineteenth century, it was the official palace of Egyptian kings. Today, it houses many museums showing royal treasures, historical weapons, and ornately painted rooms representing Egypt's reign.
4. National Museum of Egyptian Civilization (NMEC).
For those looking to expand their knowledge of ancient Egypt, the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization (NMEC) in Fustat is a must-see. This modern museum has the Royal Mummies Hall, where visitors can view the preserved remains of Egypt's finest pharaohs, including Ramses II and Hatshepsut.
5. Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM): Upcoming Opening
The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) near the Giza Pyramids will be the world's most significant archeological museum when formally opened. It will store Tutankhamun's entire collection of treasures and thousands of other rare items. If your visit coincides with its opening, it will be an unforgettable experience. Whether you want to tour old palaces and museums or relax by the Nile, these neighboring sites complement your visit to the Egyptian Museum.
Stay Close to History: Welcome to the Great Pyramids Inn!
If you want to experience the magic of Egypt while admiring breathtaking views, Great Pyramids Inn is the place for you! This hotel, located a short drive from Cairo's biggest attractions, provides comfortable rooms and a friendly, welcoming ambiance. Imagine relaxing after a day of exploration with a great lunch on the rooftop, all while admiring the Great Pyramid! Whether looking for a rich history, colorful culture, or a little adventure, Great Pyramids Inn is your home base for unique experiences near one of the world's best-known locations. Come build some memories with us!
Why Choose Great Pyramid Inn?
- Prime Location with Iconic Views: Situated just steps from the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Pyramid Inn offers breathtaking views and unparalleled access to one of the world's most famous landmarks.
- Authentic Egyptian Hospitality: Experience genuine warmth and care as our dedicated staff goes above and beyond to make your stay unforgettable.
- Comfortable and Luxurious Accommodations: Relax in our thoughtfully designed rooms, some featuring Jacuzzis, ensuring your stay is comfortable and memorable.
- Unique Dining Experience: Enjoy delicious meals at Akemi, our rooftop restaurant, while taking panoramic views of the Pyramids and the surrounding landscape.
- Tailored Guest Services: From tour arrangements to personalized recommendations, we ensure every aspect of your stay is smooth and tailored to your needs.
Make Great Pyramid Inn your home for an unforgettable Egyptian escape.
Royal Suite with Panoramic Pyramids View
Discover luxury in our Royal Suite, featuring stunning panoramic views of the Pyramids, premium amenities, and an unforgettable experience in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Junior Suite With A Jacuzzi and Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury in our Junior Suite with Jacuzzi, featuring stunning Pyramids views and premium amenities for an unforgettable stay in Egypt.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Deluxe Quadruple Room with Balcony Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury and comfort in our Deluxe Quadruple Room with a private balcony overlooking the Pyramids. Ideal for families with top-notch amenities.A Food Lover's Guide to the Best Restaurants Near the Giza Pyramids
Visiting the Great Pyramids of Giza is an unforgettable experience, but your trip is incomplete without indulging in the rich flavors of Egyptian cuisine. Whether you want a hearty traditional meal, a street food snack, or a fine dining experience with a view of the pyramids, Giza has a restaurant to suit every taste. This guide will explore the best restaurants near Giza Pyramids, from traditional pyramid restaurants serving local favorites to international dining spots. If you're searching for the perfect Giza restaurant to enjoy delicious food in Giza, read on to discover the top places to eat near one of the world's most iconic landmarks.
A Taste of Egypt: Exploring Traditional Egyptian Cuisine in Giza
Egyptian food in Giza blends rich history with tasty ingredients against the backdrop of the pyramids. The best restaurants near the Giza Pyramids serve breakfasts such as foul medames (mashed fava beans) and taameya (falafel). At the same time, koshari—a blend of lentils, macaroni, rice, and spicy tomato sauce—makes a filling lunch. In the evening, eat grilled kofta and kebabs with baladi bread and tahini at one pyramid restaurant with authentic flavors and breathtaking views. Whether you dine in a historical or modern restaurant, Giza's cuisine scene will provide an unforgettable experience for both foodies and vacationers.
Dine Like Royalty: The Best Restaurants Near the Giza Pyramids with Historic Charm
Experience Giza is home to various unusual dining spots that offer delicious food in Giza and stunning views of the pyramids, and a touch of history. Whether looking for an elegant fine-dining experience or a taste of Egyptian flavors, these pyramids' restaurants are worth visiting.
1. 139 Pavilion at Marriott Mena House
- Location: Marriott Mena House, Pyramids Road, Giza
- Historic Significance: Originally a 19th-century royal hunting lodge, the Mena House Hotel has hosted figures like Winston Churchill and King Farouk.
- Why Visit: This luxurious Giza restaurant offers an unmatched outdoor dining experience with direct views of the pyramids. Guests can enjoy a mix of Egyptian and international cuisine in a regal atmosphere, making it one of the best restaurants near Giza pyramids for a memorable meal.
2. Le Riad Giza
- Location: Off Al Haram Street, Giza
- Historic Significance: A beautifully restored Ottoman-style villa that preserves its old-world charm.
- Why Visit: If you're looking for an authentic taste of food in giza, Le Riad Giza specializes in traditional dishes infused with Middle Eastern flavors. Its heritage-rich ambiance makes it a must-visit for those wanting to experience an actual Egyptian dining experience.
3. Moghul Room at Marriott Mena House
- Location: Marriott Mena House, Pyramids Road, Giza
- Historic Significance: Situated within the historic Mena House Palace, this restaurant boasts intricate oriental decor that reflects its royal past.
- Why Visit: While Egypt is known for its local delicacies, the Moghul Room offers a different taste with its renowned Indian cuisine. This restaurant is a top choice if you're craving flavorful curries and tandoori specialties in a luxurious setting.
4. Al Saraya at Le Meridien Pyramids Hotel
- Location: Le Meridien Pyramids Hotel, Pyramids Road, Giza
- Historic Significance: Though modern, this hotel incorporates Arabesque architecture reminiscent of palatial dining halls.
- Why Visit: Offering a diverse menu of Egyptian and international cuisine, Al Saraya is an excellent option for travelers looking for a lavish dining experience. Its elegant ambiance and Pyramid views make it one of the best restaurants near Giza pyramids.
These restaurants provide a taste of traditional and international cuisine and allow visitors to immerse themselves in Egypt's rich history. Whether enjoying an Egyptian feast or indulging in global flavors, dining in pyramids restaurants is an experience like no other.
A Foodie's Guide to Egyptian Cuisine: What to Eat Near the Giza Pyramids
Giza is not only known for its iconic pyramids; it is also a foodie's dream, offering authentic Egyptian cuisine. From hearty breakfasts to delicious desserts, the restaurants in Giza, Egypt serve diverse flavors that reflect Egypt's rich culinary tradition. Check out these must-try restaurants near the Giza Pyramids, whether you're looking for a historic pyramids restaurant or a fast street lunch.
1. Traditional Egyptian Breakfast: A Hearty Start
Begin your day with a classic Egyptian breakfast at a local Giza restaurant. Popular dishes include:
- Foul Melades are mashed fava beans cooked with olive oil, garlic, and spices, often served with fresh bread.
- Taameya (Egyptian Falafel) – Made from fava beans instead of chickpeas, these crispy delights are a must-try.
- Baladi Bread – A whole wheat flatbread, the backbone of every Egyptian meal.
Head to 139 Pavilion at Marriott Mena House for breakfast with a view. Here, you can enjoy these dishes while admiring the pyramids.
2. Street Food Delights: Quick Bites with Big Flavor
Egyptian street food is an important part of the local cuisine experience. Some must-try alternatives are:
- Koshari includes pasta, rice, lentils, chickpeas, and crispy onions with spicy tomato sauce.
- Hawawshi - A tasty, spicy minced meat sandwich made on baladi bread.
- Sogoq and Kebda - Street sellers sell Egyptian-style sausages and liver sandwiches.
For a true local experience, dine in the busy streets off Al Haram Street. For an enjoyable meal, try these traditional meals.
3. Traditional Egyptian lunch and dinner
at some of the best eateries near the Giza Pyramids:
- Molokhia is a lush green soup made from jute leaves commonly served with rice and meat.
- Mahshi are grape leaves or vegetables filled with a spicy rice concoction.
- Mixed Grill - A dish of kofta (minced meat skewers), lamb chops, and grilled chicken.
4. Egyptian Sweets and Desserts
- Dessert is a vital part of every meal! Enjoy these popular Egyptian treats.
- Om Ali is a warm, creamy bread pudding with almonds and raisins.
- Basbousa is a delicious, syrup-soaked semolina cake.
- Konafa is a crispy, shredded pastry filled with cream or nuts and drizzled with syrup.
Many Pyramid restaurants serve desserts with a historical twist, accompanied by breathtaking vistas of ancient monuments.
5. Delightful Egyptian Drinks to Refresh You
Beat the heat with these fantastic traditional beverages that you absolutely must try:
- Sugarcane Juice – This naturally sweet, energizing drink will make you smile!
- Karkadeh (Hibiscus Tea) – Enjoy this tangy, bright red drink, perfect for hot or cold!
- Sahlab—Indulge in this warm, creamy winter treat with orchid flour, milk, and nuts. It's like a cozy hug in a cup!
Final Thoughts
Discovering the delicious food in Giza is just as exciting as visiting the pyramids! Whether you're in the mood for a fancy dinner or a quick bite of Egypt's tasty street food, you'll find plenty of the best restaurants near the Giza Pyramids that cater to every palate. Don't miss the chance to enjoy a mix of traditional and modern dishes—it's an excellent way to dive into the vibrant culinary culture of Egypt!
Rooftop 7000: Dining with a Fabulous Pyramid View
Looking for one of the best restaurants near the Giza Pyramids? Look no further than Rooftop 7000, the Great Pyramids Inn's main restaurant. Located on the hotel's rooftop, this dining establishment has a panoramic view of the Pyramids of Giza, creating an excellent environment for breakfast, lunch, or dinner.
A Dining Experience Like No Other
Rooftop 7000, located just feet from the pyramids, offers guests traditional Egyptian cuisine while enjoying one of the world's most recognizable sights. This Giza restaurant provides an immersive culinary experience, whether starting your day with a typical breakfast of foul medames and baladi bread, eating grilled kofta for lunch, or indulging in a sunset dinner.
Why Should You Visit Rooftop 7000?
- Unrivaled Pyramid Views - Enjoy a front-row seat to the pyramids, ideal for taking breathtaking images.
- Authentic Egyptian Cuisine - Enjoy the best of Giza's cuisine, from local specialties to savory grilled dishes.
- Relaxed and Scenic Atmosphere—The open-air rooftop environment and great hospitality make it one of the best pyramid restaurants for both travelers and foodies.
- Rooftop 7000 at Great Pyramids Inn is a must-see site for a fantastic supper with a view that seamlessly blends history, culture, and delectable cuisine.
Why Choose Great Pyramid Inn?
- Prime Location with Iconic Views: Situated just steps from the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Pyramid Inn offers breathtaking views and unparalleled access to one of the world's most famous landmarks.
- Authentic Egyptian Hospitality: Experience genuine warmth and care as our dedicated staff goes above and beyond to make your stay unforgettable.
- Comfortable and Luxurious Accommodations: Relax in our thoughtfully designed rooms, some featuring Jacuzzis, ensuring your stay is comfortable and memorable.
- Unique Dining Experience: Enjoy delicious meals at Akemi, our rooftop restaurant, while taking in panoramic views of the Pyramids and the surrounding landscape.
- Tailored Guest Services: From tour arrangements to personalized recommendations, we ensure every aspect of your stay is smooth and tailored to your needs.
Make Great Pyramid Inn your home for an unforgettable Egyptian escape.
Royal Suite with Panoramic Pyramids View
Discover luxury in our Royal Suite, featuring stunning panoramic views of the Pyramids, premium amenities, and an unforgettable experience in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Junior Suite With A Jacuzzi and Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury in our Junior Suite with Jacuzzi, featuring stunning Pyramids views and premium amenities for an unforgettable stay in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Deluxe Quadruple Room with Balcony Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury and comfort in our Deluxe Quadruple Room with a private balcony overlooking the Pyramids. Ideal for families with top-notch amenities.Holidays to Egypt 2025: A Complete Guide to Budget-Friendly Adventures
Planning a holiday to Egypt in 2025? Get ready for an unforgettable adventure! It is one of the world's top travel destinations, filled with ancient wonders and breathtaking beauty. Whether you've always wanted to marvel at the Great Pyramids of Giza, cruise on the Nile River, or relax on the Red Sea beaches, Egypt has something for everyone. Prepare for an incredible journey of history, pleasure, and relaxation! For those looking for cheap Egypt holidays, 2025 offers good options with budget-friendly accommodations, affordable tours, and unique travel deals. In this guide, we'll focus on everything you need to know about planning your Egypt holiday in 2025, from must-visit places to money-saving strategies and the most incredible experiences to make your trip unique.
Why Visit Egypt in 2025?
Egypt has always been a bucket-list destination, but 2025 promises to be an especially unforgettable year for visitors. With new attractions, cultural festivals, and far better travel experiences, there are more reasons than ever to plan your Egypt holiday this year.
1. Exciting new attractions and upgraded landmarks.
- The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM):
This museum near the Pyramids of Giza is expected to be fully operational in July 2025. It will be the most significant archaeological museum in the world, showcasing thousands of ancient artifacts, including the complete collection of King Tutankhamun's treasures.
- New Pyramid Viewing Platforms:
Improved facilities surrounding the Giza Pyramids provide visitors with more stunning views and photo opportunities.
2. Major Festivals & Cultural Events
- Abu Simbel Sun Festival (February & October):
Don't miss the fantastic moment when the rising sun perfectly lights the inner sanctum of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel, casting light on three of the four seated statues: Ramses II, Amun-Ra, and Ra-Horakhty. The figure of Ptah, the god of darkness, stays in the shade. The exact sun placement shows the ancient Egyptians' advanced architectural and astronomical understanding. This fantastic event, held twice a year, celebrates the architectural brilliance of ancient Egypt.
- Cairo International Film Festival (November):
Film buffs will love this historic festival, the oldest in the Arab world! Enjoy an exciting range of films from around the globe and participate in engaging discussions and workshops with filmmakers and fellow cinema lovers.
- Siwa Date Harvest Festival (October):
Join the fun at the Siwa Date Harvest Festival! Experience lively music, delicious local dishes made from fresh dates, and the warm hospitality of the Siwan community as they celebrate their rich cultural traditions.
3. More Affordable & Accessible Travel Options
- Cheap Egypt Holidays:
With increased budget accommodations and tour options, traveling to Egypt is more affordable than ever.
- New Flight Routes:
Additional direct flights from major cities worldwide make reaching Cairo, Luxor, and the Red Sea resorts easier.
- Visa on Arrival & E-Visa Enhancements:
Streamlined visa processes allow for hassle-free entry for many nationalities.
4. A Perfect Mix of Adventure, Culture, and Relaxation
Whether you're an adventure seeker, a history enthusiast, or someone looking for a relaxing beach escape, Holidays to Egypt 2025 offer: 1- Ancient Wonders – Stand before the Great Pyramids & Sphinx. 2- Nile River Cruises – Sail between Luxor and Aswan, visiting breathtaking temples. 3- Diving & Snorkeling – Explore the vibrant coral reefs of Sharm El-Sheikh & Hurghada. 4- Desert Safaris & Oasis Retreats – Discover the beauty of the White Desert & Siwa Oasis. With incredible attractions, cultural experiences, and affordable travel deals, 2025 is the perfect time to visit Egypt. Ready to plan your trip? Let's explore the top destinations for your Egypt holiday!
Top Destinations for an Egypt Holiday 2025
Egypt has a diverse geography, blending ancient monuments with natural beauty. Egypt has it all, whether you're excited by pharaohs and pyramids, charmed by the calmness of the Nile, or looking for some relaxation by the Red Sea. Here are the top destinations to include in your 2025 Egypt holiday.
1. Cairo and Giza: The Heart of Ancient Egypt.
Cairo, Egypt's dynamic city, is an excellent place to start your adventure. It offers a mix of historic treasures and modern attractions. Must-see attractions include:
- The Great Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx are the ancient world's last remaining wonders.
- The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) will open in 2025, featuring Tutankhamun's treasures and thousands of artifacts.
- Khan El Khalili Bazaar—Experience the bustle of Cairo's famous souk, which is ideal for shopping and buying local goods.
- Islamic and Coptic Cairo - Explore breathtaking mosques, churches, and historic streets that reflect Egypt's rich history.
Recommended Place to Stay: The Great Pyramids Inn offers amazing pyramid views and easy access to Giza's main attractions.
2. Luxor and Aswan, Egypt's Open-Air Museum
Step back in time as you explore the Valley of the Kings, historic temples, and the serene Nile River. Must-see attractions:
- The Karnak and Luxor Temples are Egypt's most famous temple complexes.
- Valley of the Kings - Discover the royal tombs, including King Tut's final resting place.
- Ramses II built the Abu Simbel Temples, which are cut into the mountain.
- Nile River Cruise - Sail from Luxor to Aswan, visiting historic sites.
Top Experience: A Nile Cruise is the most excellent way to discover Upper Egypt's wonders, combining comfort and history.
3. Red Sea Destinations – Sun, Sand, and Adventure
Top Beach Destinations:
- Sharm El-Sheikh is known for its elegant resorts, exciting nightlife, and famous Ras Mohammed National Park.
- Hurghada offers a wonderful blend of relaxation and adventure, with premier diving locations and desert adventures.
- Dahab - A laid-back option for hikers and freedivers.
- Marsa Alam is less overcrowded and home to incredible marine life, including dolphins and sea turtles.
Top experiences include diving in the Blue Hole (Dahab) and the Thistlegorm Wreck (Sharm El-Sheikh).
4. Siwa and the Western Desert: Egypt's Hidden Gem.
Siwa Oasis and the White Desert provide strange scenery and cultural interactions for adventurers looking for something unusual. Must-see attractions:
- Siwa Oasis: known for its natural springs, palm groves, and salt lakes.
- Shali Fortress: A centuries-old mudbrick stronghold with stunning views.
- The White Desert is a strange environment with wind-shaped white rock formations.
- Bahariya & Black Desert - Perfect for a desert safari with golden dunes and ancient history.
Top Experience: Relax in Siwa's natural hot springs while watching the sunset over the salt lakes.
Best Budget-Friendly Options: Cheap Egypt Holidays
Travel to Egypt doesn't have to be pricey! Whether visiting historical wonders, going on a cruise down the Nile, or relaxing by the Red Sea, plenty of low-cost options make your Holidays to Egypt 2025 reasonable.
Affordable Accommodations:
Finding a comfortable and affordable place to stay is key to saving money. Here are some great options:
- Great Pyramids Inn (Giza): A budget-friendly hotel with breathtaking views of the Great Pyramids, ideal for history lovers.
- Budget Hostels & Guesthouses: Affordable stays in Cairo, Luxor, and Aswan, often including breakfast.
- Red Sea Budget Resorts: Many Hurghada and Dahab hotels offer low-cost stays with beach access.
Budget Tours & Activities:
Explore Egypt without overspending by choosing affordable tours and experiences
Free & Low-Cost Attractions:
- Visit Khan El Khalili Bazaar and soak in the atmosphere.
- Walk along the Nile Corniche in Cairo or Luxor.
Group Tours & Shared Transport:
- Join a budget-friendly group tour to the Pyramids, Valley of the Kings, or Abu Simbel. Public Beaches in the Red Sea:
- Enjoy the stunning beaches of Dahab and Marsa Alam without expensive resort fees.
Money-Saving Tips for Transportation & Dining
Public Transport:
- Use Uber or Careem instead of taxis.
- Take the metro, minibuses, or trains instead of expensive private cars for intercity travel.
Budget-Friendly Dining:
- Eat like a local at street food stalls & local restaurants (try koshari, falafel, and shawarma).
- Avoid touristy restaurants near landmarks—walk a few blocks to find authentic, cheap meals.
With thoughtful planning, your Egypt holiday in 2025 can be both affordable and unforgettable!
Best Time to Visit Egypt in 2025
Egypt is a year-round destination, but choosing the right season could make your holiday special. Here's a weather forecast and the best months for exploring, beach vacations, and desert excursions.
Peak Season (October - April): Best for Sightseeing
- Weather: Pleasant temperatures (15-25°C / 59-77°F), ideal for outdoor exploration.
- Best for: Visiting pyramids, temples, and museums without extreme heat.
- Downside: More tourists, higher hotel and tour prices.
Summer Season (May - September): Best for Red Sea Holidays
- Weather: Hot in cities (30-45°C / 86-113°F), more remarkable on the Red Sea coast.
- Best for: Beach vacations in Sharm El-Sheikh, Hurghada, and Dahab with great diving/snorkeling.
- Downside: It is too hot for sightseeing in places like Luxor & Aswan.
Off-Peak Season (May & September): Best for Budget Travelers
- Weather: Warm but manageable, especially in May and late September.
- Best for: Budget-friendly travel with fewer crowds and lower prices.
- Tip: Visit Siwa Oasis or the White Desert for unique summer experiences.
Best Overall Months: March-April & October-November – Pleasant weather for all activities. Choosing the right season allows you to enjoy the best Egypt holiday comfortably and affordably! Ready to explore must-do experiences? Let's dive in!
Must-Do Experiences on Your Egypt Holiday
Egypt offers fantastic experiences, from historical wonders to underwater adventures and cultural treasures—all without breaking your budget. Whether you're looking to spend or go on a budget, here are the five must-do activities for your 2025 Egypt holiday that combine great experiences with affordable options.
1. Explore the Great Pyramids and Sphinx.
No holiday to Egypt is complete without seeing the Great Pyramids of Giza!
- Enjoy reasonable entrance costs to the last marvel of the ancient world, making it ideal for cheap Egypt holidays.
- Explore the Great Pyramid of Khufu on a budget (additional tickets may be required).
- Enjoy a stunning sunset view from the neighboring Great Pyramids Inn without spending too much money.
2. Cruise the Nile from Luxor to Aswan.
A Nile cruise offers affordable access to Egypt's historical sites, including Karnak, Luxor, the Valley of the Kings, and Abu Simbel. Relax with breathtaking views of the Nile and sample traditional Egyptian cuisine that is reasonably priced.
3. Dive and snorkel in the Red Sea.
The Red Sea is an underwater lovers' paradise that is also surprisingly affordable. For a cost-effective Egypt holiday, snorkel at Hurghada, Marsa Alam, or Sharm El-Sheikh. For dives, choose known locations like the Blue Hole (Dahab) or the SS Thistlegorm wreck, which often offer competitive pricing. On a low-cost tour, you can see dolphins, marine turtles, and brilliant coral reefs up close.
4. Explore local markets, cuisine, and cultural festivals.
- Immerse yourself in the local culture while staying without overspending.
- Walk through Cairo's Khan El Khalili Bazaar for affordable gifts and spices.
- Try popular Egyptian street foods like koshari, falafel, and shawarma, which are all delicious and affordable. Join cultural events such as Ramadan nights or the Abu Simbel Sun Festival, which frequently offer free or low-cost admission.
Whether you're an adventurer, history lover, or beachgoer, Egypt offers many experiences that make cheap Egypt holidays memorable!
Smart Budget Travel: Stay at Great Pyramids Inn
Are you looking forward to booking a budget-friendly Egypt holiday in 2025? Finding comfortable and economical hotels is the key to enjoying a great holiday without breaking the bank. Look no further than the Great Pyramids Inn! Its breathtaking views of the Pyramids, prime location, and outstanding amenities make it the ideal setting for your expedition. You will adore it!
Why Great Pyramids Inn is a Smart Pick?
- Prime Location – Stay just steps away from the Great Pyramids of Giza & the Sphinx.
- Affordable Comfort – Enjoy modern amenities and cozy rooms at budget-friendly rates.
- Unmatched Pyramid Views – Wake to breathtaking sights of Egypt's most famous landmarks.
- Complimentary Breakfast – Start your day with a free, delicious meal on the rooftop terrace.
- Warm Egyptian Hospitality – Experience friendly service that ensures a stress-free stay.
Budget Hack: Free Facilities to Maximize Savings
Stretch your budget even further with free perks at Great Pyramids Inn:
- Free Wi-Fi – Stay connected without extra charges.
- Unlimited Hot Beverages – Enjoy complimentary coffee & tea throughout the day.
- Complimentary Breakfast – No need to spend extra on morning meals.
- Hour Room Service – Convenient services at no additional cost.
- Rooftop Lounge Access – A free, picture-perfect relaxing spot with panoramic pyramid views.
With Great Pyramids Inn, you'll enjoy spectacular views, budget-friendly comfort, and free perks, making your Egyptian adventure affordable and unforgettable!
Why Choose Great Pyramid Inn?
- Prime Location with Iconic Views: Situated just steps from the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Pyramid Inn offers breathtaking views and unparalleled access to one of the world's most famous landmarks.
- Authentic Egyptian Hospitality: Experience genuine warmth and care as our dedicated staff goes above and beyond to make your stay unforgettable.
- Comfortable and Luxurious Accommodations: Relax in our thoughtfully designed rooms, some featuring Jacuzzis, ensuring your stay is comfortable and memorable.
- Unique Dining Experience: Enjoy delicious meals at Akemi, our rooftop restaurant, while taking panoramic views of the Pyramids and the surrounding landscape.
- Tailored Guest Services: From tour arrangements to personalized recommendations, we ensure every aspect of your stay is smooth and tailored to your needs. Make Great Pyramid Inn your home for an unforgettable Egyptian escape.
Royal Suite with Panoramic Pyramids View
Discover luxury in our Royal Suite, featuring stunning panoramic views of the Pyramids, premium amenities, and an unforgettable experience in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Junior Suite With A Jacuzzi and Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury in our Junior Suite with Jacuzzi, featuring stunning Pyramids views and premium amenities for an unforgettable stay in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Deluxe Quadruple Room with Balcony Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury and comfort in our Deluxe Quadruple Room with a private balcony overlooking the Pyramids. Ideal for families with top-notch amenities.Experience Unforgettable Meals with a View: rooftop pyramids
If you're looking for an unique dining journey, the pyramid restaurants in Giza are not to be missed! Imagine eating a delicious lunch while admiring the Pyramids of Giza from a quiet terrace or a great rooftop place. It's the perfect setting for a romantic date, a lively family gathering, or a relaxing sunset dinner. Whether you want traditional Egyptian cuisine or anything from the international menu, these restaurants have something for everybody, all against the panoramic view of one of the world's most renowned attractions. You are in for an unforgettable eating experience!
Why Choose a Rooftop Restaurant Near the Pyramids?
There's nothing like dining at a rooftop pyramid restaurant, where amazing panoramic views meet with outstanding flavors. Imagine eating a fantastic meal while seeing the iconic Pyramids of Giza on a brilliant morning or a magical evening under the stars. These raised restaurants provide a unique experience for visitors looking for delicious meals and breathtaking scenery. Great Pyramids Inn guests can participate in this unique experience. With a prime spot near the pyramids, the inn's rooftop restaurant offers the ideal setting for a peaceful dinner with the world's last living wonder as a backdrop. Whether you enjoy traditional Egyptian food or international fare, the combination of flavors and sights creates an unforgettable dining experience.
Pyramids Restaurant offers authentic Egyptian cuisine
A visit to pyramid restaurants is more than just admiring the scenery; it is also a journey through Egypt's rich cuisine heritage. From the delicious smells of koshari, Egypt's favorite street food, to expertly cooked kebabs and fresh seafood, these restaurants provide a true experience of the country's unique cuisine. Whether you're eating a molokhia soup or a plate of crispy falafel, each meal has authentic ingredients and traditional flavors. Great Pyramids Inn is just a stone's throw away from the majestic pyramids, where you can have delicious Egyptian meals! Our charming rooftop restaurant provides a warm and cozy atmosphere, making it the ideal place to sample the best of Egypt's cuisine while taking in the amazing panoramas. We are excited to welcome you!
A Taste of the World with a Stunning Pyramid View
Discover the delicious variety of international food while you're in Giza! You'll find a fantastic variety of global flavors alongside the must-try Egyptian dishes. Craving Italian pasta, mouthwatering Asian stir-fry, or good old American burgers? You're in luck—there's a place for you right near the pyramids! At the Great Pyramids Inn, you can enjoy delicious food on their rooftop, where the breathtaking view of the pyramids adds a special touch to your meal. Whether you're up for a fancy dinner or just a relaxed bite with a fantastic backdrop, the mix of international dishes and those iconic pyramids makes for a truly memorable dining experience. Enjoy every bite!
Romantic Dining at Rooftop Pyramid Restaurants
If you're searching for a truly unforgettable evening with that special someone, the rooftop pyramid restaurants in Giza are the perfect choice! Imagine yourselves sharing a candlelit dinner under the stars, with the pyramids beautifully lighted in the background. It's a romantic and cozy atmosphere, ideal for celebrating anniversaries, honeymoons, or spending a special night together. Couples may enjoy a beautiful rooftop dining experience at Great Pyramids Inn, which includes incredible views of the pyramids. Each detail, from Egyptian and foreign food to a warm, romantic setting, is designed to make your evening unforgettable. With soft lighting, delectable food, and a front-row seat to one of the world's most iconic landmarks, it's the ideal setting for making memories.
Budget-Friendly Pyramids Restaurants: Great Food, Great Views
Traveling on a budget does not mean missing out on a dining experience! Many pyramid restaurants provide reasonable but excellent meals, allowing guests to enjoy fantastic food while admiring the pyramids without breaking the bank. From classic Egyptian street food like koshari and falafel to hearty grilled meats and crisp salads, there are many affordable options for every tourist. Great Pyramids Inn offers customers an affordable rooftop dining experience without losing quality or views. This cozy restaurant promises that everyone can have a tasty meal while watching the rooftop's pyramids scenery, with a menu offering flavorful local and international foods at moderate pricing. Whether you're a solo traveler, backpacker, or family searching for a cheap but memorable lunch, Giza provides many options that suit your tastes.
Best Times to Enjoy Meals at Pyramids Restaurants
If you love great food and stunning views, Pyramid restaurants have something special for you any time of day! Here are some friendly tips on when to visit for the best experience.
Morning Breakfast:
Kickstart your day with a delightful Egyptian breakfast! Enjoy hearty dishes like foul, falafel, and freshly baked bread while soaking in the cool morning breeze and enjoying a peaceful view of the pyramids before the crowds arrive.
Sunset Dinner:
For a truly magical experience, make a reservation for sunset. Watching the sky transform into golden hues while the pyramids glow in the fading light is unforgettable. It's the perfect setting for a romantic dinner or a lovely meal with friends or family.
Late-Night Meal:
If you prefer a quieter vibe, many Giza restaurants offer late-night dining with breathtaking views of the pyramids twinkling under the stars. The atmosphere is so enchanting! At Great Pyramids Inn, you can enjoy rooftop dining from sunrise to late at night! Whether sipping coffee in the morning, having a delightful lunch, or enjoying a candlelit dinner, you're in for an extraordinary experience with delicious food and stunning pyramid views. We can't wait for you to join us!
Unforgettable Rooftop Dining: A Meal with a Historical View
Dining at a rooftop pyramid restaurant is more than simply a meal; it's an experience that combines history, culture, and stunning views. Imagine eating great Egyptian and worldwide food while admiring the ancient pyramids, which have withstood the test of time for almost 4,500 years. Guests at Great Pyramids Inn can have a front-row seat to one of the world's most renowned landmarks, making for an unforgettable experience. Whether drinking coffee at sunrise, enjoying a sunset meal, or having a late-night meal under the stars, every moment at the inn's rooftop restaurant is terrific.
Street Food Near the Pyramids (Budget-Friendly & Authentic)
- Felfela Express – A famous local chain known for delicious falafel, koshari, and foul (fava bean stew), offering quick and affordable Egyptian meals.
- Abou Tarek Koshari (Cairo) – One of the best koshari spots in Egypt, serving generous portions at great prices.
- Kebdet El Prince (Cairo) – Famous for liver sandwiches and street-style Egyptian dishes, this is an excellent spot for adventurous eaters.
Fine Dining & Rooftop Restaurants Near the Pyramids (Scenic & Upscale)
- Akemi – One of the most exclusive rooftop pyramid restaurants, offering luxury dining with a direct view of the pyramids.
- Rooftop7000 – A high-end restaurant serving international and Egyptian cuisine with pyramid views.
- Khan El Khalili Restaurant & Naguib Mahfouz Café – A blend of traditional Egyptian flavors and historical ambiance in Old Cairo, near Giza.
- The Moghul Room (Marriott Mena House) – A fine-dining Indian restaurant with an elegant atmosphere and a view of the pyramids.
- Panorama Restaurant & Café (at Le Méridien Pyramids) offers a variety of dishes and a breathtaking panoramic pyramid view.
Dining at Great Pyramids Inn
Great Pyramids Inn is a top choice for those looking to combine affordability with an incredible rooftop pyramids experience. The inn's restaurant provides authentic Egyptian and international dishes at reasonable prices, making it a fantastic option for travelers who want great food with an unforgettable view.
Why Choose Great Pyramid Inn?
- Prime Location with Iconic Views: Situated just steps from the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Pyramid Inn offers breathtaking views and unparalleled access to one of the world's most famous landmarks.
- Authentic Egyptian Hospitality: Experience genuine warmth and care as our dedicated staff goes above and beyond to make your stay unforgettable.
- Comfortable and Luxurious Accommodations: Relax in our thoughtfully designed rooms, some featuring Jacuzzis, ensuring your stay is comfortable and memorable.
- Unique Dining Experience: Enjoy delicious meals at Akemi, our rooftop restaurant, while taking panoramic views of the Pyramids and the surrounding landscape.
- Tailored Guest Services: From tour arrangements to personalized recommendations, we ensure every aspect of your stay is smooth and tailored to your needs. Make Great Pyramid Inn your home for an unforgettable Egyptian escape.
Royal Suite with Panoramic Pyramids View
Discover luxury in our Royal Suite, featuring stunning panoramic views of the Pyramids, premium amenities, and an unforgettable experience in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Junior Suite With A Jacuzzi and Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury in our Junior Suite with Jacuzzi, featuring stunning Pyramids views and premium amenities for an unforgettable stay in Egypt.____________________________________________________________________________________________Deluxe Quadruple Room with Balcony Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury and comfort in our Deluxe Quadruple Room with a private balcony overlooking the Pyramids. Ideal for families with top-notch amenities.Top 10 traditional Egyptian Dishes It's important to try
Egypt's location between Africa and Asia shapes its unique culture, Being in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula touching Asia. Egypt has long been a cultural bridge. Its connections with Arab neighbors, as well as the Mediterranean region. This blend of African, Arab, and Mediterranean elements make Egypt's traditions, language, and customs both unique and shared with nearby countries. Egypt’s culture combines ancient history, Islamic heritage, and modern life. It stands out with its pharaonic temples, pyramids, and vibrant festivals. The diversity is seen in its music, food, architecture, and clothing, which change from one region to another. Whether in the busy streets of Cairo or the calm villages by the Nile, Egypt’s culture is captivating and unlike any other. Although there are differences, we still have our Egyptian identity, which is unique.
Food culture in Egypt
Egypt's food culture is also an attractive combination of history and other inspirations. The traditional Egyptian dishes reflect its wide legacy, with dishes inspired by the ancient pharaohs, Arab, Ottoman, and Mediterranean cultures. at the end This blend results should be acceptable for all tastes. fast food or traditional Egyptian dishes! Egypt has a large selection of international chain restaurants with a wide range of fast food meals. such as sushi, pasta, pizza, burgers, and, of course, Indian and Asian cuisine. Additionally, traditional Egyptian dishes provide a range of quick, delicious, and affordable choices using Egyptian ingredients.
Ta'amya
Authentic ta'ameya is made from a mixture of mashed fava beans and chickpeas, along with spices and herbs like garlic and coriander. Ta'ameya is soft inside and crunchy outside. For the ultimate experience, be sure to pair it with Ful Medames. Ta'ameya was first produced in Egypt, and then it spread to many areas of the Middle East and was named after falafel.
Fiteer
Is one of the best Egyptian foods, layered pastry. It consists of many thin layers of dough and ghee and an optional filling. The fillings can be both sweet and savory. Sweet fillings may include sugar or chocolate, while savory fillings can be anything from ground beef to sausage or cheese.
Koshary
It is a mix of rice, pasta, lentils, and crispy onions topped with spicy tomato sauce, and it is considered the most popular Egyptian dish.
Hawawshi
dough (or bread) stuffed with a mixture of ground beef that is seasoned with tantalizing warm spices, onions, garlic, hot peppers, and fresh herbs. Egypt also boasts a wide variety of these dishes, which range from vegetarian to meat-based options. Traditional Egyptian cuisine includes many plant-based dishes.
Mahshi
Stuffed vegetables is one of the iconic Egyptian dishes. It consists of various vegetables, such as zucchini, eggplant, and peppers, all stuffed with a mixture of rice, herbs, and ground meat (or sometimes vegetables for a vegetarian option). Mahshi is a popular choice for family gatherings and festive meals, as it represents the warmth and hospitality of Egyptian culture.
Egyptian Fatteh
is a celebratory dish often served during special occasions, such as Eid. It is made by layering pieces of bread soaked in garlic and vinegar broth, topped with a rich meat stew, and served with a garlic-tomato sauce.
Mulukhiyah
is a traditional Egyptian dish, made from the leaves of the jute plant, finely chopped and cooked with garlic, coriander, and sometimes chicken or rabbit. The dish is often served with rice or bread and has a thick, green consistency. Known for its distinct taste and nutritional benefits, Mulukhiyah is a beloved dish in Egyptian households, often passed down through generations. making them perfect for those who enjoy rich, hearty flavors. This diversity ensures that Egyptian cuisine offers something for everyone, whether you're looking for a satisfying vegetarian meal or a flavorful meat-based dish.
Egyptian dessert
When talking about traditional Egyptian dishes, it's impossible not to mention the country's beloved desserts. Egyptian sweets are known for their delicious flavors, often using basic ingredients like nuts, honey, and dates; they are common in Egyptian homes and at festivities.
Omm Ali
The iconic Egyptian dessert is Om Ali, a warm dessert made from bread or flaked pastry in a tagine (ceramic bowl), with milk, sugar, nuts, and cream poured on top before it is placed under the grill, which creates its signature golden color.
Since it's the most popular dessert, you can find it at restaurants, marketplaces, and family dinner tables.
Roz Bel Laban
It's simple Egyptian rice pudding, with a lot of toppings that can be added, from traditional nuts to honey, cream, ice cream, and fresh fruits. Or how about Roz be Laban with all the toppings?
Kahk
a traditional cookie, dates back to Ancient Egypt. A recipe for kahk was discovered at the Great Pyramid of Khufu in Giza, and images of kahk can be found in carvings at temples in Memphis and Thebes.
Historically, they were made in a variety of shapes and stamped with the image of the sun god Ra.
In modern times, kahk is still an important part of Egyptian culture. It’s covered in powdered sugar and an important part of Eid, which celebrates the end of Ramadan. Kahk can be plain or filled with ingredients like nuts, dates, or Turkish delight.
Historical story of Omm Ali
The story of Omm Ali is about a dessert that has its roots in a power conflict from Egypt's past. . It all started in the 13th century with a woman named Shajart al-Durr, who was a queen of Egypt. She married a man named **Izz al-Din Aybak, but he already had another wife called **Omm Ali*. There was jealousy between Shajar al-Durr and Omm Ali, and when Shajar al-Durr plotted to get rid of her husband Aybak, it led to a big conflict. After Aybak’s death, Omm Ali’s supporters captured Shajar al-Durr, and she was killed. To celebrate her victory and the end of the conflict, Omm Ali had a special dessert made and shared it with everyone. This dessert was later named after her.
Egypt's location create another menu
Located at the crossroads of Africa and Asia, with a coastline along the Red Sea, Egypt’s cuisine beautifully blends influences from neighboring countries while adding a distinct Egyptian touch. Some of the most popular dishes shared with these regions include sambusa, baklava, Qatayf, shawarma, and kebabs. This fusion of flavors and traditions gives traditional Egyptian dishes their unique character, making them diverse and appealing to all tastes. Whether you're indulging in the crispy, savory delights of sambousa, the sweet layers of baklava, or the smoky richness of shawarma and kebabs, Egyptian dishes offer something for everyone, with every bite telling a story of cultural exchange and culinary innovation.
Ancient Egyptian food culture
Many of the Egyptian dishes enjoyed thousands of years ago are still part of modern Egyptian cuisine. Bread, which was prepared from wheat, was one of the simpler options available in ancient Egyptian cuisine. They also consumed a range of vegetables, including leeks, onions, and garlic, as well as legumes, including chickpeas and lentils. Even now, people still enjoy eating fish dishes, especially when they are grilled or paired with veggies and rice. Additionally, *dates* were a common snack and a natural sweetener in ancient Egypt. Also the honey, which used to make the Honey cakes, known as *"Kek"* in ancient Egyptian times, are one of the earliest sweet treats in Egypt's history. These cakes were made using honey, flour, and other ingredients.
FAQ
What is the most famous dessert in Egypt?
Omm Ali , Roz bel Laban , kahk and basbousa are considered the most famous desserts in Egypt.
What is the most popular food in Cairo?
Ta'amya, koshary, Egyptian Fatteh, Mahshi and Mulukhiyah is the most popular food in cairo.
What are the top 10 foods in Egypt?
1- Koshary 2- Egyptian Fatteh 3- Mulukhiyah 4- Hawawshi 5- Mahshi 6- Fiteer 7- Ta'amya 8- Pigeon 9- Ful Medames (Egyptian Beans) 10- Kofta Kebab
Why Choose Great Pyramid Inn?
- Prime Location with Iconic Views: Situated just steps from the Pyramids of Giza, the Great Pyramid Inn offers breathtaking views and unparalleled access to one of the world's most famous landmarks.
- Authentic Egyptian Hospitality: Experience genuine warmth and care as our dedicated staff goes above and beyond to make your stay unforgettable.
- Comfortable and Luxurious Accommodations: Relax in our thoughtfully designed rooms, some featuring Jacuzzis, ensuring your stay is comfortable and memorable.
- Unique Dining Experience: Enjoy delicious meals at Akemi, our rooftop restaurant, while taking panoramic views of the Pyramids and the surrounding landscape.
- Tailored Guest Services: From tour arrangements to personalized recommendations, we ensure every aspect of your stay is smooth and tailored to your needs. Make Great Pyramid Inn your home for an unforgettable Egyptian escape.
Royal Suite with Panoramic Pyramids View
Discover luxury in our Royal Suite, featuring stunning panoramic views of the Pyramids, premium amenities, and an unforgettable experience in Egypt.
____________________________________________________________________________________________Junior Suite With A Jacuzzi and Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury in our Junior Suite with Jacuzzi, featuring stunning Pyramids views and premium amenities for an unforgettable stay in Egypt.
____________________________________________________________________________________________Deluxe Quadruple Room with Balcony Pyramids View
Enjoy luxury and comfort in our Deluxe Quadruple Room with a private balcony overlooking the Pyramids. Ideal for families with top-notch amenities.
